El Mundo

Psicólogos alertan del ‘síndrome de la cabaña’: “Cuando se pueda salir, hay gente que no va a querer hacerlo”

  • Laura Queijeiro
  • Este comportamiento se ha detectado en personas que han pasado períodos de encierro en hospitales, cárceles o que han sido secuestradas
  • Los ancianos o los hipocondríacos serían los sectores más expuestos: “Es fácil que digan: yo me quedo aquí, no vaya a ser que me contagie y me muera”
  • En su versión más extrema podría derivar en una agorafobia o miedo a estar en espacios abiertos. Pero los expertos insisten en que hay herramientas para tratarlo.
Psicólogos alertan del 'síndrome de la cabaña': “Cuando se pueda salir, hay gente que no va a querer hacerlo”

Sexta semana de confinamiento. Más de cuarenta días de encierro en casa. Hay quien baja a la compra, a la farmacia o al estanco. Pero también quien vive el aislamiento de manera rigurosa. Personas que no han puesto un pie en la calle desde que se decretó el Estado de Alarma. Y puede que algunos de ellos no quieran hacerlo aún cuando el Gobierno levante la reclusión. Es el llamado ‘síndrome de la cabaña’.PUBLICIDAD

“Cuando se pueda salir, hay gente que no va a querer hacerlo”, cuenta a NIUS Ovidio Peñalver, psicólogo sanitario y psicoterapeuta. Especialistas como él alertan de que hay personas a las que el desconfinamiento no les va a producir la felicidad que debería. “Cuando estás confinado en un sitio pequeño, con poca movilidad, lo que ocurre es que tu energía baja. Te acomodas a la situación. Te acostumbras a vivir en ese mundo. Entonces empiezas a generar un miedo de lo que pueda ocurrir el día que tengas que salir al exterior”, comenta Peñalver.

El ‘síndrome de la cabaña’ es un término muy reciente en psicología, pero que se ha estudiado en personas que han vivido privadas de su libertad. “Se ha constatado en pacientes que han pasado largas temporadas en habitaciones de hospital, en presos que han cumplido condena en cárceles e, incluso, en gente que ha estado secuestrada”, asegura este especialista.

Personas mayores, hipocondríacas o que sienten rechazo social, las más predispuestas a sufrirlo

Para Peñalver, los ancianos son los más expuestos a desarrollar este síndrome y que su aislamiento se cronifique. ¿Por qué? Porque son el grupo de mayor riesgo, el sector de la población más vulnerable ante el virus. También, según explica, el que puede desarrollar un mayor miedo a la hora de cruzar la puerta. “No trabajan. Muchos tampoco tienen rutinas ni demasiada vida social. Es fácil que digan: yo me quedo aquí no vaya a ser que me contagie y me muera”, comenta Peñalver.PUBLICIDAD

Ovidio Peñalver es psicólogo y psicoterapeutaOvidio Peñalver es psicólogo y psicoterapeutaCEDIDA

Porque el miedo al contagio es una sensación subjetiva y algo que puede llegar a frenarnos a la hora de salir al exterior. Es lo que dice la psicóloga Laura Baliña. “El desconfinamiento no va a afectar por igual a todos, va a depender de la percepción que cada uno tenga del riesgo. La percepción subjetiva hacia un posible contagio es algo que indudablemente nos puede paralizar”, comenta a NIUS esta psicóloga.

Wellington Pérez

Egresado como periodista de la Escuela de comunicación de la Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (UASD). Cuatriboliao, Minoso y más Cabraleño que una Cachua o una Viejaca.

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