Banco Mundial aumenta a USD 14 000 millones para ayudar a sostener las economías y proteger el empleo ante COVID-19
IFC encabeza la labor centrada en el sector privado y los trabajadores a fin de mitigar los impactos financieros y económicos de la crisis
CIUDAD DE WASHINGTON-. Los Directorios Ejecutivos del Banco Mundial y la Junta de Directores de la Corporación Financiera Internacional (IFC) aprobaron hoy un aumento que lleva a USD 14 000 millones el paquete de financiamiento de desembolso acelerado para ayudar a las empresas y los países en sus esfuerzos por prevenir, detectar y atacar la rápida propagación de la COVID-19. Con este paquete se reforzarán los sistemas nacionales de preparación en la salud pública, en particular en lo que respecta a la contención, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad.
IFC, miembro del Grupo Banco Mundial, incrementará su financiamiento relacionado con la COVID-19 de USD 6000 millones a USD 8000 millones, como parte del paquete total de USD 14 000 millones, para ayudar a las empresas privadas y los empleados afectados por la desaceleración económica que generó la expansión de la enfermedad.
La mayor parte del financiamiento de IFC se destinará a las instituciones financieras clientes, de modo que puedan continuar ofreciendo financiamiento para el comercio, respaldo al capital de trabajo y préstamos a mediano plazo a empresas que sufren interrupciones en sus cadenas de suministro. La respuesta de IFC también ayudará a los clientes actuales de sectores económicos directamente afectados por la pandemia —como el turismo y las manufacturas — para que puedan continuar cubriendo sus costos. El paquete también beneficiará a sectores que participan en la respuesta a la pandemia, como el sector de la atención de la salud y los segmentos conexos, que enfrentan una mayor demanda de servicios, equipos médicos y productos farmacéuticos.
“Es esencial acortar el tiempo que transcurra hasta la recuperación.Este paquete constituye una forma de apoyo urgente a las empresas y sus trabajadores para reducir el impacto financiero y económico de la propagación de la COVID-19”, dijo David Malpass, presidente del Grupo Banco Mundial. “El Grupo Banco Mundial se ha comprometido a brindar una respuesta rápida y flexible basada en las necesidades de los países en desarrollo. Las operaciones de apoyo ya están en marcha, y las herramientas de financiamiento ampliado que se aprobaron hoy ayudarán a sostener las economías, las empresas y los puestos de trabajo”.
Los USD 2000 millones adicionales refuerzan el paquete de respuesta inicial anunciado el 3 de marzo, que constaba de USD 6000 millones en financiamiento del Banco Mundial y USD 6000 millones de IFC para ofrecer asistencia a microempresas y pymes, que son las más vulnerables a las conmociones económicas.
“Esta pandemia no solo se está cobrando vidas; es probable que su impacto en las economías y en las condiciones de vida se prolongue más allá de la etapa de emergencia sanitaria.Procuramos garantizar la continuidad de las operaciones de nuestros clientes durante este tiempo para que el sector privado del mundo en desarrollo esté mejor equipado y pueda contribuir a que las economías se recuperen más rápidamente”, dijo Philippe Le Houérou, director general de IFC. “A su vez, esto ayudará a los grupos vulnerables a recuperar sus medios de subsistencia con mayor rapidez y continuar invirtiendo en el futuro”.
IFC, que se movilizó rápidamente durante la crisis financiera mundial de 2008 y la epidemia del virus del Ébola en África occidental, ostenta un historial positivo en lo que respecta a aplicación de iniciativas de respuesta para abordar crisis mundiales y regionales que dificultan la actividad del sector privado y el crecimiento económico en los países en desarrollo.
La respuesta de IFC consta de cuatro componentes:
- USD 2000 millones del Mecanismo de Respuesta ante las Crisis del Sector Real, que servirán para apoyar a clientes actuales de los sectores de infraestructura, manufacturas, agricultura y servicios que son vulnerables a la pandemia. IFC ofrecerá préstamos a empresas que estén atravesando dificultades y, de ser necesario, realizará inversiones de capital. Este instrumento también ayudará a las empresas del sector de atención de la salud que registran un aumento de la demanda.
- USD 2000 millones del actual Programa Mundial de Financiamiento para el Comercio, que se utilizarán para cubrir los riesgos de pago de las instituciones financieras, de modo que puedan ofrecer financiamiento para el comercio a empresas que importan y exportan bienes. Con esto, IFC prevé respaldar a las empresas pequeñas y medianas que participan en las cadenas de suministro internacionales.
- USD 2000 millones del programa Soluciones para el Capital de Trabajo, que ayudarán a proporcionar financiamiento a bancos de mercados emergentes, de modo que puedan extender créditos para ayudar a las empresas a reforzar su capital de trabajo, es decir, el conjunto de fondos que utilizan para cubrir sus costos y remunerar a sus empleados.
- Un nuevo componente establecido por solicitud de los clientes y aprobado el 17 de marzo: USD 2000 millones del Programa Mundial para la Liquidez en el Comercio y el Programa de Financiamiento de Productos Básicos Esenciales, los cuales ofrecen distribución del riesgo a los bancos locales para que puedan continuar brindando financiamiento a empresas de mercados emergentes.
IFC ya está trabajando para aplicar su financiamiento de respuesta. Por ejemplo, recientemente amplió (i) los límites de financiamiento para el comercio de cuatro bancos de Vietnam en USD 294 millones, de modo que pudieran continuar prestando a empresas que atraviesan necesidades, especialmente pymes.
IFC mantendrá sus elevados estándares de rendición de cuentas, pero atendiendo a la necesidad de proporcionar ayuda a las empresas lo más pronto posible. La administración de IFC aprobará los proyectos basándose en los criterios de crédito, gestión ambiental y social, y cumplimiento, tal como lo ha hecho en respuestas a crisis anteriores.
Acerca de IFC
La Corporación Financiera Internacional (IFC), organización hermana del Banco Mundial e integrante del Grupo Banco Mundial, es la principal institución internacional de desarrollo dedicada exclusivamente al sector privado en los mercados emergentes. Trabaja con más de 2000 empresas de todo el mundo y utiliza su capital, sus conocimientos especializados y su influencia para crear mercados y oportunidades donde más se necesitan. En el ejercicio de 2019, otorgó más de USD 19 000 millones en financiamiento a largo plazo para los países en desarrollo, aprovechando la capacidad del sector privado para ayudar a poner fin a la pobreza e impulsar la prosperidad compartida. Para obtener más información, visite www.ifc.org.
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